When you look at it, the Second Apparition's prophecy is a two-parter; it consists of some really bad advice (here in italics) followed by a "true" but highly misleading statement of the future (here in bold):
Be bloody, bold and resolute; laugh to scornThe power of man, for none of woman bornShall harm Macbeth.(4.1.79-81)
In essence, the bad advice is based on the intended misunderstanding of the true statement.
Here's what Macbeth remembers:
The spirits that knowAll mortal consequences have pronounced me thus:"Fear not, Macbeth; no man that's born of womanShall e'er have power upon thee."(5.3.4-7)
He's got the gist, I suppose, but he's shortened it and he doesn't remember the rhyme (scorn/born). The apparition speaks of "harm" (coming from any source, since "none" is gender-neutral); he remembers "power" (and apparently worries specifically about a "man" having power upon him). So his remembered protection is both broader (a prediction that others will not have even the power to hurt him) and narrower (as it's restricted to men, rather than everyone). Though perhaps he's saving the rhyme for his encounter with Young Siward: "Thou wast born of woman. / But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn, / Brandished by man that's of a woman born." (5.7.11-13)
Likewise, the Third Apparition says:
Be lion-mettled, proud; and take no careWho chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are:Macbeth shall never vanquished be untilGreat Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hillShall come against him.(4.1.90-94)
And Macbeth again shortens it and loses the rhymes; he quotes it as
"Fear not, till Birnam wood
Do come to Dunsinane"
(5.5.44-45).
I would note that he's also substantially shortened each line this time; he's turned the Third Apparition's iambic pentameter into iambic trimeter.
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